Purpose – Many studies underline the critical relationship between local communities and rural-based industries. However, the dynamics of the relationship between wineries and local communities is rarely considered in research despite the importance of these links for rural communities. This paper investigates this dimension from the perspective of Canary Islands’ small wine growers.

In digital communication systems, variable-length
Walsh codes, also called orthogonal variable spreading factor
codes, are used to support simultaneous variable-rate data trans-
mission. This paper describes algorithms for dynamic variable-
length Walsh code assignment.

Purpose – This study examines how consumers perceive a pharmaceutical company’s advertisement through visual priming of the disclosure featured in the advertisement. Design/methodology/approach – An online study with a convenience sample consisting of college students is used to examine the effects of a visually primed pharmaceutical advertising disclosure on attitude toward responsible advertising practice, trust toward the advertisement and attitude toward the advertisement.

The impact of inaccurate channel state information
at the transmitter for a variable rate variable power multilevel
quadrature amplitude modulation (VRVP-MQAM) system over
a Rayleigh ?at-fading channel is investigated. A system model
is proposed with rate and power adaptation based on the
estimates of instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and bit
error rate (BER).

This paper proposes a new peak-to-average power
ratio (PAPR) reduction scheme in multiple transmit antenna
environments. Instead of applying individual PAPR reduction on
each antenna, a joint PAPR reduction technique is proposed. By
applying a relevant unitary rotation over the transmit antennas,
overall PAPR of the multiple transmit antenna system is reduced.